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弱相互作用導致了原子核的β衰變,導致了夸克不穩定構型的崩潰。1933年恩里科·費米首次注意到,特定構型的原子核會衰變為更穩定的構型;通過以帶電輕子或反輕子形式釋放能量,以及它的反中微子或中微子。這是由W玻色子的轉移所介導的,W玻色子可以是正的也可以是負的以保持電荷。當一個原子核由于中子太多而不穩定時,就會發生負的β衰變,所以中子中的下夸克會發射負的W玻色子,把下夸克轉換成上夸克,把中子轉換成質子。W玻色子會迅速衰變為電子和反電子中微子。正β衰變會發生在原子核因質子過多而不穩定時,因此質子中的上夸克會發射正W玻色子,將上夸克轉換為下夸克,并質子變成了…更正電子的野鷹
The weak interaction is responsible for beta decay of nuclei, for the breakdown of unstable configurations of quarks. It was first noticed in 1933 by Enrico Fermi that nuclei of a specific configuration would decay into a more stable configuration; by release of energy in the form of a charged lepton or antilepton, and its antineutrino or neutrino respectively. This was mediated by the transfer of a W boson, which would be either positive or negative to conserve charge. Negative beta decay would occur when a nucleus was unstable due to having too many neutrons, so a down quark within a neutron would emit a negative W boson, converting the down quark to an up quark and the neutron to a proton. The W boson will promptly decay to an electron and an anti-electron-neutrino. Positive beta decay would occur when a nucleus was unstable due to having too many protons, so an up quark within a proton would emit a positive W boson, converting the up quark to a down quark and the proton to a ... more - PositronWildhawk
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